Emerging Basidiomycetous Yeast Infections Caused by Trichosporon Species

PLoS Pathog. 2015 Jul; 11(7): 

Fig 1. Colony morphology of Trichosporon species. (A) T. asahii, T. asteroides, and T. inkii were grown at 30°C for 15 days on Sabouraud, YNB+tributyrin 1%, and YPD media, respectively. T. asteroides is releasing lipases, producing a halo where tributyrin is degraded. (B) T. asahii blastoconidia and pseudohypha. (C) T. asteroides arthroconidia and blastoconidia. (D) T. inkin pseudohypha, branched hypha, and blastoconidia. The blue fluorescence on the structures is due to their incubation with calcofluor white. Bars, 5 μm.

Fig 2. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree of Trichosporon species, based on analysis of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions and the D1/D2 region of the LSU. Strain names appear after the species name. Trichosporon species of clinical significance appear in bold. See S1 Table for the GenBank accession numbers. Cryptococcus neoformans was used as an outgroup. Sequences of each individual region were structurally aligned using MXSCARNA [58] and then concatenated into a supermatrix using FASConCAT [59]. Phylogenetic inference was carried out with the software RAxML [60]. For the loop regions, the evolutionary model GTR was used. The stem regions were analyzed under the S16 evolutionary model, thus taking into account secondary structure topology, i.e., compensatory mutations [61–63]. Substitution rate heterogeneity was taken into account using the gamma model of Yang [64]. Bootstrap values were computed over 1,000 replicates. Grey dots represent bootstrap values 50%–75% and black dot bootstrap values 76%–100%. Bar, 0.07 substitutions per nucleotide position. T: Type strain.